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Transforming a Summer of Confrontation into
Conflict Resolution
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Middle
East Developments
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Humanitarian Issues
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Jerusalem News and Resources
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Focus on Middle East Christians
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Transforming a Summer of Confrontation into Conflict resolution
In the aftermath
of the Hezbollah-Israel conflict, there are assessments of the
tragic human consequences for Lebanese and Israelis, deliberations
on how to maintain the peace in the short term, as well as new
evaluations of the prospects for a broader, regional peacemaking
initiative. UNSCR 1701, which achieved the fragile cease-fire that
ended the fighting, must be followed-up on and implemented fully to
ensure Israel’s security
and Lebanon’s reconstruction and sovereignty.
However there is widespread acknowledgement that conflict management
is not enough. New opportunities for a regional peace process may
be possible, with the potential for bringing together Israel,
Lebanon, the Palestinians and Syria in a diplomatic initiative akin
to the Madrid Conference of the 1990’s. At the same time, there is
emphasis on the centrality of resolving the Israeli-Palestinian
conflict and new interest in restoring Israeli-Palestinian
diplomatic dialogue. Israeli Prime Minister Olmert and Palestinian
President Abbas have both signaled interest in talks. A Palestinian
national unity government set to be formed this week will change
dynamics on the Palestinian side, the implications of which are as
yet unclear. While there may be multiple challenges there are also
opportunities. Turning a summer of confrontation and hostility into
constructive engagement and conflict resolution would be in the best
interest of all the parties. The key to this remains sustained US
engagement, by the Administration with the bipartisan support of the
Congress, to promote Israeli-Palestinian peacemaking and open the
way toward a comprehensive peace. Below are articles outlining the
possibility of new opportunities following the Hezbollah-Israel
conflict.
“Post-Lebanon,
Pre-Negotiations”, M.J. Rosenberg, Israel Policy Forum, IPF
Friday, Issue # 289, September 8, 2006
“Could something good come out of the Lebanon war? It’s beginning
to seem possible…The successful implementation of Resolution 1701,
in all its parts, would not revolutionize Israel’s situation the way
the Camp David Accord did. It would however significantly improve
it. But it is the Palestinian issue that remains at the center of
the Arab-Israeli conflict and no agreement with Lebanon, Syria or
even Hezbollah would change that…”
http://www.ipforum.org/display.cfm?id=6&Sub=15
“Palestine
question is the key”,
Saliba Sarsar, The Jordan Times (Distributed by Common Ground
News Service), August 17, 2006
“…The way
forward in Arab-Israeli relations is not to commit lesser evils or
to continually fight wars. It is to win an enduring just peace…A
first step is for Israeli and Arab leaders to prepare their
societies for peace…A second step is to achieve a historic
compromise anchored in a two-state solution by establishing a
democratic, pluralistic and non-militarised state of Palestine
living in peace and security alongside Israel…A third step is to
have Jerusalem open to all faiths, serving as the capital of Israel
and Palestine and fulfilling the political aspirations of Israelis
and Palestinians. A fourth step is for Israel and the Arab states
to accept each other and to create diplomatic, economic, financial,
educational and cultural relations and partnerships…The newly
adopted United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is crucial
for terminating the Israel-Hezbollah war. What would be equally, if
not more, crucial is for the United Nations to adopt a new
resolution that addresses the key question of Palestine once and for
all. What would be critical is for the United States to become
actively engaged in advocating for a durable and just peace…”
http://www.commongroundnews.org/article.php?mode=8&sid=0&id=2514
“A revamped
Madrid Conference could transform the cease-fire into peace, says
Father Jaeger”,
Fr. David-Maria
A. Jaeger, OFM, JC (long-time Vatican diplomat), Asia News,
September 7, 2006
“It is with a
great sense of relief that one notes the ‘cessation of hostilities’
on Lebanese soil, and the arrival there of the international troops,
in accordance with UN Security Council Resolution 1701…[yet] no
serious move seems afoot to ensure that it does not all happen
again. A ‘cessation of hostilities’, a ‘cease-fire’, or even an
‘armistice’, are not peace - not even close…Belief in the very
possibility of peace seems to be lacking, and with it the vision,
the courage, the foresight, to try for it…Peace, as the Catholic
philosophical tradition holds, is in essence ‘tranquillitas ordinis’;
an absence of hostilities, yes, but one that is the fruit of order.
And it is long past due to put some order in the hugely disordered
situation in, and around, the Holy Land. To help Israel make peace
with each of the neighbouring nations, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon.
Not separately or piecemeal - for this will never really work - but
all together…”
http://www.asianews.it/view.php?l=en&art=7149
“Bush has a job
to do”,
Robert E. Hunter (former US Ambassador to NATO), International
Herald Tribune, August 31, 2006
“The
Arab-Israeli conflict has bedeviled every U.S. president for more
than a half-century. President George W. Bush now has an opportunity
to bring it to an end. This is in the interests of Israel, the
Palestinians, and everyone in the Middle East who prefers peace to
war. From the perspective of the United States, it has become a
strategic imperative…”
http://www.iht.com/bin/print_ipub.php?file=/articles/2006/08/30/opinion/edhunter.php
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Middle east developments
Below are links to
several documents, news reports and articles related to new
developments.
“Security Council
Calls for End to Hostilities Between Hizbollah, Israel, Unanimously
Adopting Resolution 1701”,
United Nations
Security Council, August 11, 2006
http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2006/sc8808.doc.htm
“Olmert, Abbas
say ready for talks without preconditions”, Avi Issacharoff and
Aluf Benn, Haaretz, September 10, 2006
http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/760597.html
“Abbas, Haniyya
agree to join forces”,
Daily Star
Staff, September 12, 2006
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=2&article_id=75405#
“An
essential Israeli interest”, Haaretz (Editorial),
September 13, 2006
http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/761944.html
“An Arab Peace
Plan” (Interview with King Abdullah II of Jordan), Scott Macleod, Time Magazine, Sep. 10, 2006
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1533444,00.html
”September's Window of Opportunity”, Yossi Beilin, Ynet
News, September 11, 2006
http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3302327,00.html
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HUmanitarian Issues: NGOs and donors respond
Below are a variety
of reports and resources on humanitarian issues arising from the
conflict between Hezbollah and Israel and the ongoing Gaza crisis.
“Palestine's
Humanitarian Crisis - Six months without a steady paycheck and
school is about to begin”,
Caritas Jerusalem,
August 28, 2006
“The school year is
about to start here in Palestine, but exactly what it will look like
this year is anyone's guess. Most families are looking at the
situation with extreme anxiety. Are the government schools going to
open as striking teachers protest the non-payment of salaries? How
can families register their children for school with all of the
accompanying fees for school books, stationary, uniforms,
transportation and when they have balances owing from the last year
which they cannot pay?...”
http://www.hcef.org/index.cfm/mod/news/ID/16/SubMod/NewsView/NewsID/1596.cfm
“Lebanon:
Rushing Lifesaving Aid, Children Caught in Middle East Crossfire”,
World Vision, August 22, 2006
“World Vision's
second relief shipment docked in Beirut on August 13, the day before
the ceasefire began between Hezbollah and Israel. The long-awaited
truce brings hope that a safe passage is now open for the delivery
of humanitarian aid…World Vision's next relief efforts will include
the delivery of water, hygiene kits and food, while expanding
child-focused programs and protection, including psychosocial
activities and Child Friendly Spaces. As in all conflicts, children
suffer the most. UNICEF estimates nearly a third of those killed and
nearly half of the displaced in Lebanon were children…Another crisis
has been escalating in the Gaza Strip where almost a million people
are living without electricity and water after recent missile
attacks. World Vision staff report that food shortages are ‘just
around the corner.’ Blockades have made delivery of humanitarian
aid difficult. To date, World Vision has distributed food parcels
for 32,800 people in Gaza…In a region filled with political and
social tension, World Vision's goal is to create an environment
where children can thrive, reach their full potential, and a
"generation transformed" can build lasting peace.”
http://www.worldvision.org/about_us.nsf/child/enews_lebanon_20060822?Open&campaign=12653912&cmp=EMC-12653912
“Chair's summary on Stockholm International Donor Conference on the
Humanitarian Situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territories,
Carin Jämtin, Minister for International Development Cooperation and
Jan Eliasson, Minister for Foreign Affairs, September, 1 2006
“…The
conference was attended by 35 countries, more than 10 UN agencies,
the EC, the Red Cross Movement and a number of international
organisations, making the conference truly global. During the
conference, the Office of the Palestinian President and the United
Nations presented assessments of the most immediate needs and policy
concerns in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. In Gaza in
particular, some 1.4 million people, half of them children, live
under extremely difficult conditions as a result of the currently
closure regime, military operations and violence, virtually no
payments of civil servant salaries, rampant unemployment, reduced
electricity and water supply. The conference also agreed that the
internatinal community should address the grave environmental
situation at the Gaza strip without delay…”
http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/6473/a/68778;jsessionid=a2OC_7orbsU4
“Chairman's
Summary - Stockholm Conference for Lebanon's Early Recovery”,
Jan Eliasson, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Carin Jämtin,
Minister for International Development Cooperation, August 31, 2006
“The
Stockholm Conference for Lebanon's Early Recovery hosted by the
Government of Sweden in close collaboration with the Government of
Lebanon and the United Nations, on 31 August 2006, gathered
representatives from some 50 countries and representatives of UN
Agencies, international financial institutions, the European
Commission, the European Union and international non-governmental
organizations. The Conference was an answer to the call in the
United Nation Security Council resolution 1701 for immediate steps
to extend financial and humanitarian assistance to the Lebanese
people. The focus of the Conference was on the immediate needs of
the Lebanese people and on supporting the Lebanese government in the
early stages of recovery, in order to provide a basis for a seamless
transition towards long-term reconstruction. An amount exceeding 940
MUSD was pledged at the Stockholm conference. This amount is in
addition to previous pledges, making a total of over 1.2 billion USD
available for recovery and reconstruction. This larger figure
includes funding for the full range of activities, from residual
humanitarian needs to long term reconstruction. The conference has
thus met its objective with a wide margin…”
http://www.sweden.gov.se/sb/d/6654/a/68745;jsessionid=aV_Qqv0YqBa-
“An
Update on Palestinian Movement, Access and Trade in the West Bank
and Gaza”, World Bank Technical Team Report, August 15, 2006
“This paper provides an updated assessment of movement and access
for goods and people in WBG1, which was initiated by the World Bank
after the December 2004 Ad Hoc Liaison Committee Meeting when all
parties (including the Government of Israel and the Palestinian
Authority) agreed that Palestinian economic revival was essential,
that it required a major dismantling of today’s closure regime and
that closure needed to be addressed from several perspectives at
once. In today’s environment of confrontation and heightened risk,
movement and access controls have increased and earlier relaxations
have been reversed. However, the relationship between Palestinian
economic revival and stability and Israeli security remain
unarguable and of fundamental importance to both societies’
well-being. Recent initiatives by US-security advisor General Dayton
to significantly enhance the security of the Karni crossing between
Gaza…”
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWESTBANKGAZA/Resources/M&ASummary+Main+MapAugust31.pdf
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Jerusalem news and
resources
A number of recent
events and new reports on Jerusalem underscore the continued
importance of resolving the city’s status through mutual
negotiations, bringing normalization and stability to the fragile
city. The sharing of Jerusalem as the capital of both Israel and a
future Palestinian state, shared by the two peoples and three
faiths, will be the key to any future peace and reconciliation in
the region.
“Arbitration
fails between Jewish, Muslim groups on J'lem museum”, The
Associated Press, September 11, 2006
“Arbitration
between Jewish and Arab groups over the building of a museum
promoting religious tolerance on the site of an old Muslim cemetery
in Jerusalem has failed, officials said Monday. The Los-Angeles
based Simon Wiesenthal Center will petition Israel's Supreme Court
to begin construction of the Museum of Tolerance on the site in
Jerusalem's center after the seven-month arbitration failed, said
the dean of the center, Rabbi Marvin Hier. The matter has pitted
the center, which is funded largely by American Jews, against two
Arab groups over whether or not the $200 million museum should be
built on the site of the cemetery in downtown Jerusalem…”
http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/761415.html
“Over U.S.
Objections, Israel Approves West Bank Homes”, Steven Erlanger,
New York Times, September 5, 2006
”The Israeli prime minister, Ehud Olmert, authorized construction
bids on Monday for another 690 homes in the occupied West Bank in
the face of pro forma American criticism. The houses will be built
in Maale Adumim and Betar Illit, two settlements near Jerusalem that
the Israeli government says it intends to keep in any agreement with
the Palestinians. Mr. Olmert, whose Kadima Party was elected
earlier this year on a promise to pull thousands of Israeli settlers
out of the West Bank, beyond the route of Israel’s separation
barrier, has been clear about keeping and expanding settlements
inside the barrier, even though they are on land occupied since the
1967 war…”
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/05/world/middleeast/05mideast.html?_r=3&ref=m&oref=slogin
“Last embassy in
Jerusalem announces move to Tel Aviv”,
Carol Rosenberg, McClatchy Newspapers, August 28, 2006
“…On Friday, El
Salvador officially notified Israel's Foreign Office that its
embassy would be packing up and leaving for Tel Aviv. Once it does,
no country that has diplomatic relations with Israel will have an
ambassador in Jerusalem…El Salvador, a Foreign Ministry statement
said, ‘recognizes and guarantees the right of the state of Israel to
live in peace within secure and internationally recognized borders.’
But, it added, "equally, the government of El Salvador repeats its
recognition of the right of a Palestinian state to exist." By some
measures, El Salvador's announcement has little consequence…But in a
nation that has long measured its isolation through symbols of
international recognition, the notice made headlines and stirred
some sadness. ‘It's a real pity,’ said Yaakov Bar Simantov,
international relations professor at Hebrew University. ‘Only when
we will have peace between Israel and the Palestinians and resolve
the issue of Jerusalem in this case we shall expect to see them
back’. Israel's most important allies - the United States, Great
Britain and France - have consistently kept their embassies in Tel
Aviv…”
http://www.realcities.com/mld/krwashington/news/world/15382289.htm
“Jerusalem
Special Report”, Foundation for Middle East Peace,
Vol. SR No. 13, Summer 2006
A new report from
the Foundation for Middle East Peace focuses on Jerusalem, including
sections on US policy on Jerusalem, facts on the separation barrier
in Jerusalem and Israeli party platforms on the issue of Jerusalem,
as well as various maps and statistics. Ambassador Philip C.
Wilcox, Jr., the President of the Foundation for Middle East Peace,
is former U.S. Consul General to Jerusalem.
http://www.fmep.org/reports/special_reports/no13-summer2006/jerusalem_report_summer_2006.html
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focus on middle east christians: peace process Central to
preserving community
The below articles, statements and news touch on various issues
affecting Middle East Christians, including the role the Arab
Christian community plays in the region, Christian-Muslim relations,
settlements and the separation barrier in Bethlehem and the impact
of violence and conflict. There are a variety of factors affecting
Middle Eastern Christians, as a minority community, but there is
widespread agreement that achieving Arab-Israeli peace is the key to
their survival. As Fr. Drew Christiansen S.J., editor of the Jesuit
magazine America and former advisor to the US Conference of Catholic
Bishops observes, “When I consulted experts on reconciliation and
religion and diplomacy, the one thing on which they all could agree
is that peace in Lebanon, in Israel and Palestine is the sine qua
non of any program to save Christianity in the Middle East.”
“Alarm Bells in
the East: How to Save Christianity in the Middle East”, Drew
Christiansen, S.J., America, September 11, 2006
“…It is the
eleventh hour for the ancient churches of the Middle East. They are
doubly threatened by militant Islam and by the great powers’ games
in the region. Can anything be done to save them?...the most
important thing outsiders can help provide for both Lebanon and
Palestine is peace. No partial settlement will do. It is time to
return to the kind of comprehensive settlement between Israel and
the Arabs that was attempted at Madrid in 1991 and endorsed by the
foreign ministers’ meeting in London last month. When I consulted
experts on reconciliation and religion and diplomacy, the one thing
on which they all could agree is that peace in Lebanon, in Israel
and Palestine is the sine qua non of any program to save
Christianity in the Middle East…U.S. church groups, like the USCCB,
the National Council of Churches and Churches for Middle East
Peace…should push for Congressional hearings and provide briefings
for public officials on the impact of the war on terror and U.S.
Middle East policy on the ancient churches of the East. In addition,
the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom ought to
examine the multiple factors leading to the decline of Christians in
the region. It recently attended to the condition of Christians in
the Islamic world…Nothing short of an all-out campaign by the
Christian world to protect the Christians of the East stands a
chance of saving them. And with such an effort, perhaps a smoother
path may be paved for Muslims and Jews as well on the way of all
toward a lasting peace.”
http://www.cmep.org/documents/Christiansen_9-06_ME_Christians.pdf
“Palestinians torch Qalqilya YMCA”,
Aaron Klein, Ynet News/World Net Daily,
September 11, 2006
NOTE:
Dr. Bernard Sabella,
Jerusalem Christian representative to the Palestinian Legislature,
Middle East Council of Churches Executive and professor at the
Vatican’s Bethlehem University, reported to CMEP on September 12th
that, “governmental and nongovernmental bodies and agencies in
Qalqilya are indignant about the attack and they have expressed such
publicly.” According to Sabella, the attacks are thought to
be fomented by a “small religiously fanatic Muslim group that is on
the margin of the society in Qalqilya and does not represent the
majority Muslim community in Qalqilya, which supports the YMCA".
For additional information on Christian-Muslim relations, see:
http://www.cmep.org/documents/FAQs_Situation_Palestinian_Christians.htm.
”Palestinian
gunmen Saturday attacked and set fire to the Young Men's Christian
Association headquarters in Qalqiliya, a large West Bank city
controlled by Hamas. Local government sources identified the
attackers as members of the Hamas and Islamic Jihad terror groups,
saying the identities of the gunmen are "well known" to Qalqiliya's
security forces, which are controlled by the Hamas
government. Saturday's arson follows a series of warnings by the
Muslim leadership of Qalqilya accusing the city's YMCA of missionary
activity and demanding the Christian organization close its offices
and leave town or face likely Muslim violence…”
http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3302162,00.html
“Archbishop
Appeals to Catholics in Holy Land, We Must Be Bridge-Builders, He
Says”,
Zenit, August 31, 2006
“Catholics
are called to be bridge-builders in the Holy Land, says the
coadjutor patriarch of Jerusalem. Speaking Friday at the Meeting of
Friendship Among Peoples in Rimini, Italy, Archbishop Fouad Twal
said that the voice of Catholics from the Holy Land ‘seeks to be the
testimony of the experience of faith of the first Christian
communities.’ ‘We are all called to work to build bridges and to
uproot hatred from hearts,’ he said. ’Peace in this land is the most
immediate need,’ continued the archbishop, and it is necessary to
make many ‘efforts to enable Christians to remain in their land.’ In
regard to the relationship with Muslims, the prelate said that
Christians proclaim that "the Holy City is mother of all the
faithful children of Abraham.’ The Church will always have a
prominent place "in the place in which humanity was touched by the
presence of God," continued Archbishop Twal. ‘One cannot govern with
arms and terrorism,’ he said, emphasizing that the Church is a
‘voice of peace and forgiveness’ in the Middle East...The archbishop
hopes for a future in which freedom will be recognized ‘as God
wills, in the prayer of all, in loving the other, without limits or
barriers.’…”
http://www.zenit.org/english/visualizza.phtml?sid=94089
“Israel formally annexes 14% of northern Bethlehem”,
Bethlehem Media Net, September 2, 2006
“Israel has both effectively and officially overtaken
northern Bethlehem, swallowing the entire Rachel’s Tomb area…Now
historic Bethlehem is entirely cut off from its twin city Jerusalem
by a kilometer stretch of the Wall. Hundreds of shops, factories,
cultural institutions, religious and social centers, and residential
homes were either confiscated or annexed to Jerusalem and under
complete Israeli control. Although Rachel’s Tomb has been a
military installation for years, it looks quite different now
surrounded by the Wall and higher sniper towers. The Israeli
government confiscated what was once northern Bethlehem and is
converting it into a militarized Jewish enclave like any settlement
in the West Bank…[Bethlehem’s Mayor] Dr. Batarsa explained that the
Bethlehem Municipality sent formal protests to foreign consuls in
the region alerting them to the Israeli unilateral steps that
converted the city of Bethlehem into a closed canton, confined and
surrounded all sides. Fourteen percent of the historic city was
confiscated for the sole benefit of the occupying Israeli state.
This damages all Christians, the Mayor continued…”
http://www.bethlehemmedia.net/press/press79.htm
"The Jerusalem Declaration on Christian Zionism”,
Statement by the Patriarch and Local Heads of Churches In Jerusalem
(Patriarch Michel Sabbah, Latin Patriarchate, Archbishop Swerios
Malki Mourad, Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate, Bishop Riah Abu El-Assal,
Episcopal Church of Jerusalem and the Middle East, Bishop Munib
Younan, Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land),
August 22, 2006
”Christian Zionism is a modern theological and political movement
that embraces the most extreme ideological positions of Zionism,
thereby becoming detrimental to a just peace within Palestine and
Israel…We categorically reject Christian Zionist doctrines as false
teaching that corrupts the biblical message of love, justice and
reconciliation…We affirm that all people are created in the image of
God. In turn they are called to honor the dignity of every human
being and to respect their inalienable rights. We affirm that
Israelis and Palestinians are capable of living together within
peace, justice and security. We affirm that Palestinians are one
people, both Muslim and Christian. We reject all attempts to
subvert and fragment their unity…”
http://www.hcef.org/index.cfm/mod/news/ID/16/SubMod/NewsView/NewsID/1595.cfm
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The views
expressed by the authors of the items included do not necessarily
reflect those of Churches for Middle East Peace (CMEP). CMEP
is a coalition of 21 Orthodox, Catholic and Protestant church bodies
and organizations that work together in pursuit of a peaceful
resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict where two viable states,
Israel and Palestine, live side-by-side within secure and recognized
borders.
For more
information contact Julie Schumacher Cohen, CMEP’s
Legislative Coordinator at 202-543-1222 or at
Julie@cmep.org.
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